Air Pollution vs. Emissions - Why “Zero Emissions” Doesn’t Mean Zero Impact
You might’ve read our recent blog, As Green As The Grid: The Biggest Myth About Electric Cars. In that post, we unpacked why EVs are still the most efficient and climate-smart option available today. But in this post, we’re zooming in on another side of the story.
You’ve probably seen it before: someone buys an electric vehicle and proudly says, “Zero emissions.” It’s true - EVs don’t produce exhaust like petrol cars. But here’s the catch: zero emissions from the tailpipe doesn’t mean zero impact on air quality.
While EVs cut greenhouse gas emissions that drive climate change, they don’t eliminate air pollution. In fact, studies show that around 75% of particulate pollution from road traffic comes not from exhaust, but from tire wear, brake wear, resuspension of road dust, and road surface degradation (Air Quality Expert Group, UK).
This matters because particulate matter (PM2.5), tiny particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers, can travel deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream. The World Health Organization warns that PM2.5 exposure is linked to asthma, heart disease, strokes, and shortened life expectancy. Unlike CO₂, which warms the planet, air pollution directly harms human health, soils, water, and ecosystems.
The tricky part? Unlike CO₂ reporting, there’s no global standard for measuring or disclosing particulate matter in ESG frameworks. Industries like steel or mining face stricter regulations, but for road transport, tire and brake pollution often goes unmeasured. Air quality data is usually modeled rather than directly monitored. And unless there’s a financial reason, companies rarely invest in tracking it.
So where does that leave us? EVs are still a critical solution for cutting climate emissions - but they’re not a silver bullet for air pollution. Driving less, improving public transport, and designing cleaner tires and braking systems all play a role in tackling particulates.
Next time you hear “zero emissions,” remember: it’s only part of the story.
If you’re interested in clearer strategies, connect with Mr. G - Galeno Chua and check out Business Sustainability Accelerator, our training ecosystem designed to equip sustainability professionals with the tools, clarity, and credibility to lead confidently in real-world business strategy.
Watch our explainer clip: here
